INCFinder

GenBank ID	PZ168212.1
Plasmid name	pCNRVC930171
Classification	C2
Length	146 859 bp
GC content	52%
Organism	Vibrio cholerae strain CNRVC930171
Curation	Manually annotated

Plasmid map

Notes

The site of I1 insertion is missing.

Characteristic genes

Gene name	Length	Location	Length of alignment	Identity (%)	Coverage (%)	E-value
repA	1101	1 - 1101 (+)	1101	100	100	0
ORF1847	5544	73810 - 79353 (+)	5544	100	100	0
I2	462	55739 - 56200 (+)	462	100	100	0
RHS2	4263	120138 - 124400 (+)	4263	100	100	0
AriB	2084	44909 - 46992 (+)	2084	100	79	0

Antimicrobial resistance genes

Type match	Model name	Model type	Location	E-value	Identity
Perfect	CARB-4	protein homolog model	19826 - 20692(-)	0	100 %
CARB beta-lactamase AMR Gene Family CARB beta-lactamases are class A lactamases that can hydrolyze carbenicillin. Many of the PSE beta-lactamases have been renamed as CARB-lactamases with the notable exception of PSE-2 which is now OXA-10. penam Drug Class Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms. antibiotic inactivation Resistance Mechanism Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance.
Strict	APH(6)-Id	protein homolog model	20858 - 21688(-)	0	99.64 %
APH(6) AMR Gene Family Phosphorylation of streptomycin on the hydroxyl group at position 6 streptomycin Antibiotic Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections. Streptomycin works by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. aminoglycoside antibiotic Drug Class Aminoglycosides are a group of antibiotics that are mostly effective against Gram-negative bacteria. These molecules consist of aminated sugars attached to a dibasic cyclitol. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit (some work by binding to the 50S subunit), inhibiting the translocation of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A-site to the P-site and also causing misreading of mRNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. antibiotic inactivation Resistance Mechanism Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance.
Strict	APH(3'')-Ib	protein homolog model	21694 - 22497(-)	0	99.63 %
APH(3'') AMR Gene Family Phosphorylation of streptomycin on the hydroxyl group at position 3'' streptomycin Antibiotic Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections. Streptomycin works by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. aminoglycoside antibiotic Drug Class Aminoglycosides are a group of antibiotics that are mostly effective against Gram-negative bacteria. These molecules consist of aminated sugars attached to a dibasic cyclitol. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit (some work by binding to the 50S subunit), inhibiting the translocation of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A-site to the P-site and also causing misreading of mRNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. antibiotic inactivation Resistance Mechanism Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance.
Perfect	tet(C)	protein homolog model	33957 - 35147(+)	0	100 %
major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antibiotic efflux pump AMR Gene Family Directed pumping of antibiotic out of a cell to confer resistance. Major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters and ABC transporters comprise the two largest and most functionally diverse of the transporter superfamilies. However, MFS transporters are distinct from ABC transporters in both their primary sequence and structure and in the mechanism of energy coupling. As secondary transporters they are, like RND and SMR transporters, energized by the electrochemical proton gradient. tetracycline Antibiotic Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by many Streptomyces. It works by inhibiting action of the prokaryotic 30S ribosome. tetracycline antibiotic Drug Class These antibiotics are derived from tetracycline, a polyketide antibiotic that inhibits the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes. efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance Efflux Component Efflux proteins that pump antibiotic out of a cell to confer resistance. antibiotic efflux Resistance Mechanism Antibiotic resistance via the transport of antibiotics out of the cell.
Perfect	dfrA15	protein homolog model	38644 - 39117(+)	1.82563e-116	100 %
trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr AMR Gene Family Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance. trimethoprim Antibiotic Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic. diaminopyrimidine antibiotic Drug Class Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups. They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis. antibiotic target replacement Resistance Mechanism Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance.
Perfect	sul1	protein homolog model	39659 - 40498(+)	0	100 %
sulfonamide resistant sul AMR Gene Family The sul genes encode forms of dihydropteroate synthase that confer resistance to sulfonamide. sulfadiazine Antibiotic Sulfadiazine is a potent inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with the tetrahydrofolic biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor to many nucleotides and amino acids. sulfadimidine Antibiotic Sulfadimidine is an alkaline sulfonamide antibiotic that inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, and enzyme in the tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthesis pathway. This interferes with the production of folate, which is a precursor to many amino acids and nucleotides. sulfadoxine Antibiotic Sulfadoxine is an inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with the tetrahydrofolic biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor to many nucleotides and amino acids. sulfamethoxazole Antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide antibiotic usually taken with trimethoprim, a diaminopyrimidine antibiotic. Sulfamethoxazole inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, essential to tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthesis. This pathway generates compounds used in the synthesis of many amino acids and nucleotides. sulfisoxazole Antibiotic Sulfisoxazole is an inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with the tetrahydrofolic biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor to many nucleotides and amino acids. sulfacetamide Antibiotic Sulfacetamide is a very soluable sulfonamide antibiotic previously used to treat urinary tract infections. Its relatively low activity and toxicity to those with Stevens-Johnson syndrome have reduced its use and availability. mafenide Antibiotic Mafenide is a sulfonamide used topically for treating burns. sulfasalazine Antibiotic Sulfasalazine is a derivative of the early sulfonamide sulfapyridine (salicylazosulfapyridine). It was developed to increase water solubility and is taken orally for ulcerative colitis. sulfamethizole Antibiotic Sulfamethizole is a short-acting sulfonamide that inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase. sulfonamide antibiotic Drug Class Sulfonamides are broad spectrum, synthetic antibiotics that contain the sulfonamide group. Sulfonamides inhibit dihydropteroate synthase, which catalyzes the conversion of p-aminobenzoic acid to dihydropteroic acid as part of the tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthetic pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor of many nucleotides and amino acids. Many sulfamides are taken with trimethoprim, an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, also disturbing the trihydrofolic acid synthesis pathway. antibiotic target replacement Resistance Mechanism Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance.
Perfect	sul2	protein homolog model	45878 - 46693(-)	0	100 %
sulfonamide resistant sul AMR Gene Family The sul genes encode forms of dihydropteroate synthase that confer resistance to sulfonamide. sulfadiazine Antibiotic Sulfadiazine is a potent inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with the tetrahydrofolic biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor to many nucleotides and amino acids. sulfadimidine Antibiotic Sulfadimidine is an alkaline sulfonamide antibiotic that inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, and enzyme in the tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthesis pathway. This interferes with the production of folate, which is a precursor to many amino acids and nucleotides. sulfadoxine Antibiotic Sulfadoxine is an inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with the tetrahydrofolic biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor to many nucleotides and amino acids. sulfamethoxazole Antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide antibiotic usually taken with trimethoprim, a diaminopyrimidine antibiotic. Sulfamethoxazole inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, essential to tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthesis. This pathway generates compounds used in the synthesis of many amino acids and nucleotides. sulfisoxazole Antibiotic Sulfisoxazole is an inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with the tetrahydrofolic biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor to many nucleotides and amino acids. sulfacetamide Antibiotic Sulfacetamide is a very soluable sulfonamide antibiotic previously used to treat urinary tract infections. Its relatively low activity and toxicity to those with Stevens-Johnson syndrome have reduced its use and availability. mafenide Antibiotic Mafenide is a sulfonamide used topically for treating burns. sulfasalazine Antibiotic Sulfasalazine is a derivative of the early sulfonamide sulfapyridine (salicylazosulfapyridine). It was developed to increase water solubility and is taken orally for ulcerative colitis. sulfamethizole Antibiotic Sulfamethizole is a short-acting sulfonamide that inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase. sulfonamide antibiotic Drug Class Sulfonamides are broad spectrum, synthetic antibiotics that contain the sulfonamide group. Sulfonamides inhibit dihydropteroate synthase, which catalyzes the conversion of p-aminobenzoic acid to dihydropteroic acid as part of the tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthetic pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor of many nucleotides and amino acids. Many sulfamides are taken with trimethoprim, an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, also disturbing the trihydrofolic acid synthesis pathway. antibiotic target replacement Resistance Mechanism Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance.