| Gene name | Length | Location | Length of alignment | Identity (%) | Coverage (%) | E-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| repA | 1101 | 75169 - 76269 (-) | 1101 | 100 | 100 | 0 |
| ORF1832 | 5499 | 1837 - 7335 (-) | 5499 | 100 | 100 | 0 |
| RHS1 | 4254 | 98256 - 102509 (-) | 4254 | 100 | 100 | 0 |
| AriB | 640 | 45849 - 46488 (-) | 640 | 100 | 24 | 0 |
| AriB | 640 | 52775 - 53414 (-) | 640 | 100 | 24 | 0 |
| AriB | 640 | 50457 - 51096 (-) | 640 | 100 | 24 | 0 |
| AriB | 386 | 40557 - 40942 (-) | 386 | 100 | 15 | 0 |
| AriB | 101 | 45751 - 45851 (-) | 101 | 100 | 4 | 9.61324E-49 |
| Type match | Model name | Model type | Location | E-value | Identity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perfect | CMY-2 | protein homolog model | 8992 - 10137(-) | 0 | 100 % | ||||
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Resistance Mechanism
Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance.
Drug Class
Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms.
Antibiotic
Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Unlike most third-generation agents, it is active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, however it has weaker activity against Gram-positive microorganisms and is not used for such infections.
Drug Class
Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases.
AMR Gene Family
CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins.
Antibiotic
Cefoxitin is a cephamycin antibiotic often grouped with the second generation cephalosporins. Cefoxitin is bactericidal and acts by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. Cefoxitin's 7-alpha-methoxy group and 3' leaving group make it a poor substrate for most beta-lactamases.
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| Strict | Erm(42) | protein homolog model | 39614 - 40525(+) | 0 | 99.34 % | ||||
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Drug Class
Macrolides are a group of drugs (typically antibiotics) that have a large macrocyclic lactone ring of 12-16 carbons to which one or more deoxy sugars, usually cladinose and desosamine, may be attached. Macrolides bind to the 50S-subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting the synthesis of vital proteins.
AMR Gene Family
Erm proteins are part of the RNA methyltransferase family and methylate A2058 (E. coli nomenclature) of the 23S ribosomal RNA conferring degrees of resistance to Macrolides, Lincosamides and Streptogramin b. This is called the MLSb phenotype.
Drug Class
Lincosamides (e.g. lincomycin, clindamycin) are a class of drugs which bind to the 23s portion of the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes. This interaction inhibits early elongation of peptide chains by inhibiting the transpeptidase reaction, acting similarly to macrolides.
Drug Class
Streptogramin antibiotics are natural products produced by various members of the Streptomyces genus. These antibiotics bind to the P site of the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis. The family consists of two subgroups, type A and type B, which are simultaneously produced by the same bacterial species in a ratio of roughly 70:30.
Resistance Mechanism
Mutational alteration or enzymatic modification of antibiotic target which results in antibiotic resistance.
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| Perfect | Tet(X4) | protein homolog model | 47916 - 49073(-) | 0 | 100 % | ||||
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Resistance Mechanism
Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance.
Antibiotic
Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by many Streptomyces. It works by inhibiting action of the prokaryotic 30S ribosome.
Drug Class
These antibiotics are derived from tetracycline, a polyketide antibiotic that inhibits the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes.
AMR Gene Family
Enzymes or other gene products which hydroxylate tetracycline and other tetracycline derivatives. Hydroxylation inactivates tetracycline-like antibiotics, thus conferring resistance to these compounds.
Antibiotic
Tigecycline is an glycylcycline antibiotic. It works by inhibiting action of the prokaryotic 30S ribosome.
Drug Class
Glycylcyclines are a new class of antibiotics derived from tetracycline. These tetracycline analogues are specifically designed to overcome two common mechanisms of tetracycline resistance. Presently, there is only one glycylcycline antibiotic for clinical use: tigecycline. It works by inhibiting action of the prokaryotic 30S ribosome, preventing the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA.
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