| Gene name | Length | Location | Length of alignment | Identity (%) | Coverage (%) | E-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| repA | 1101 | 1 - 1101 (+) | 1101 | 100 | 100 | 0 |
| AriB | 1156 | 32697 - 33852 (+) | 1156 | 100 | 44 | 0 |
| AriB | 640 | 25153 - 25792 (+) | 640 | 100 | 24 | 0 |
| Type match | Model name | Model type | Location | E-value | Identity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strict | floR | protein homolog model | 26689 - 27903(+) | 0 | 99.75 % | ||||
|
AMR Gene Family
Directed pumping of antibiotic out of a cell to confer resistance. Major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters and ABC transporters comprise the two largest and most functionally diverse of the transporter superfamilies. However, MFS transporters are distinct from ABC transporters in both their primary sequence and structure and in the mechanism of energy coupling. As secondary transporters they are, like RND and SMR transporters, energized by the electrochemical proton gradient.
Antibiotic
Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic antimicrobial originally derived from the bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae. It was the first antibiotic to be manufactured synthetically on a large scale. It functions by inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome, binding to A2451 and A2452 residues in the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit and preventing peptide bond formation.
Antibiotic
Florfenicol is a fluorine derivative of chloramphenicol, where the nitro group (-NO2) is substituted by a sulfomethyl group (-SO2CH3) and the hydroxyl group (-OH), by a fluorine group (-F). The action mechanism is the same as chloramphenicol's, where the antibiotic binds to the 23S RNA of the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis.
Drug Class
Phenicols are broad spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotics acting on bacterial protein synthesis. More specifically, the phenicols block peptide elongation by binding to the peptidyltansferase centre of the 70S ribosome.
Efflux Component
Efflux proteins that pump antibiotic out of a cell to confer resistance.
Resistance Mechanism
Antibiotic resistance via the transport of antibiotics out of the cell.
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| Strict | tet(A) | protein homolog model | 28503 - 29702(-) | 0 | 99.75 % | ||||
|
AMR Gene Family
Directed pumping of antibiotic out of a cell to confer resistance. Major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters and ABC transporters comprise the two largest and most functionally diverse of the transporter superfamilies. However, MFS transporters are distinct from ABC transporters in both their primary sequence and structure and in the mechanism of energy coupling. As secondary transporters they are, like RND and SMR transporters, energized by the electrochemical proton gradient.
Antibiotic
Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by many Streptomyces. It works by inhibiting action of the prokaryotic 30S ribosome.
Drug Class
These antibiotics are derived from tetracycline, a polyketide antibiotic that inhibits the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes.
Efflux Component
Efflux proteins that pump antibiotic out of a cell to confer resistance.
Resistance Mechanism
Antibiotic resistance via the transport of antibiotics out of the cell.
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| Strict | APH(6)-Id | protein homolog model | 31038 - 31868(-) | 0 | 99.64 % | ||||
|
AMR Gene Family
Phosphorylation of streptomycin on the hydroxyl group at position 6
Antibiotic
Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections. Streptomycin works by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth.
Drug Class
Aminoglycosides are a group of antibiotics that are mostly effective against Gram-negative bacteria. These molecules consist of aminated sugars attached to a dibasic cyclitol. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit (some work by binding to the 50S subunit), inhibiting the translocation of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A-site to the P-site and also causing misreading of mRNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth.
Resistance Mechanism
Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance.
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| Strict | APH(3'')-Ib | protein homolog model | 31874 - 32677(-) | 0 | 99.63 % | ||||
|
AMR Gene Family
Phosphorylation of streptomycin on the hydroxyl group at position 3''
Antibiotic
Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections. Streptomycin works by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth.
Drug Class
Aminoglycosides are a group of antibiotics that are mostly effective against Gram-negative bacteria. These molecules consist of aminated sugars attached to a dibasic cyclitol. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit (some work by binding to the 50S subunit), inhibiting the translocation of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A-site to the P-site and also causing misreading of mRNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth.
Resistance Mechanism
Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance.
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| Perfect | sul2 | protein homolog model | 32738 - 33553(-) | 0 | 100 % | ||||
|
AMR Gene Family
The sul genes encode forms of dihydropteroate synthase that confer resistance to sulfonamide.
Antibiotic
Sulfadiazine is a potent inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with the tetrahydrofolic biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor to many nucleotides and amino acids.
Antibiotic
Sulfadimidine is an alkaline sulfonamide antibiotic that inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, and enzyme in the tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthesis pathway. This interferes with the production of folate, which is a precursor to many amino acids and nucleotides.
Antibiotic
Sulfadoxine is an inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with the tetrahydrofolic biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor to many nucleotides and amino acids.
Antibiotic
Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide antibiotic usually taken with trimethoprim, a diaminopyrimidine antibiotic. Sulfamethoxazole inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, essential to tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthesis. This pathway generates compounds used in the synthesis of many amino acids and nucleotides.
Antibiotic
Sulfisoxazole is an inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with the tetrahydrofolic biosynthesis pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor to many nucleotides and amino acids.
Antibiotic
Sulfacetamide is a very soluable sulfonamide antibiotic previously used to treat urinary tract infections. Its relatively low activity and toxicity to those with Stevens-Johnson syndrome have reduced its use and availability.
Antibiotic
Mafenide is a sulfonamide used topically for treating burns.
Antibiotic
Sulfasalazine is a derivative of the early sulfonamide sulfapyridine (salicylazosulfapyridine). It was developed to increase water solubility and is taken orally for ulcerative colitis.
Antibiotic
Sulfamethizole is a short-acting sulfonamide that inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase.
Drug Class
Sulfonamides are broad spectrum, synthetic antibiotics that contain the sulfonamide group. Sulfonamides inhibit dihydropteroate synthase, which catalyzes the conversion of p-aminobenzoic acid to dihydropteroic acid as part of the tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthetic pathway. Tetrahydrofolic acid is essential for folate synthesis, a precursor of many nucleotides and amino acids. Many sulfamides are taken with trimethoprim, an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, also disturbing the trihydrofolic acid synthesis pathway.
Resistance Mechanism
Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance.
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| Perfect | CTX-M-15 | protein homolog model | 61823 - 62698(+) | 0 | 100 % | ||||
|
AMR Gene Family
These enzymes were named for their greater activity against cefotaxime than other oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates (eg, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, or cefepime). Rather than arising by mutation, they represent examples of plasmid acquisition of beta-lactamase genes normally found on the chromosome of Kluyvera species, a group of rarely pathogenic commensal organisms. These enzymes are not very closely related to TEM or SHV beta-lactamases in that they show only approximately 40% identity with these two commonly isolated beta-lactamases. Despite their name, a few are more active on ceftazidime than cefotaxime. CTX-M-15 was recently found in bacterial strains expressing NDM-1 and were responsible for resistance to aztreonam.
Antibiotic
Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Unlike most third-generation agents, it is active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, however it has weaker activity against Gram-positive microorganisms and is not used for such infections.
Antibiotic
Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. The presence of an aminothiazolyl sidechain increases ceftriazone's resistance to beta-lactamases. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Antibiotic
Cefalotin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic activate against staphylococci. It is resistant to staphylococci beta-lactamases but hydrolyzed by enterobacterial beta-lactamases.
Drug Class
Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms.
Resistance Mechanism
Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance.
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| Perfect | cmlA5 | protein homolog model | 66790 - 68049(-) | 0 | 100 % | ||||
|
AMR Gene Family
Directed pumping of antibiotic out of a cell to confer resistance. Major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters and ABC transporters comprise the two largest and most functionally diverse of the transporter superfamilies. However, MFS transporters are distinct from ABC transporters in both their primary sequence and structure and in the mechanism of energy coupling. As secondary transporters they are, like RND and SMR transporters, energized by the electrochemical proton gradient.
Antibiotic
Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic antimicrobial originally derived from the bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae. It was the first antibiotic to be manufactured synthetically on a large scale. It functions by inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome, binding to A2451 and A2452 residues in the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit and preventing peptide bond formation.
Drug Class
Phenicols are broad spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotics acting on bacterial protein synthesis. More specifically, the phenicols block peptide elongation by binding to the peptidyltansferase centre of the 70S ribosome.
Efflux Component
Efflux proteins that pump antibiotic out of a cell to confer resistance.
Resistance Mechanism
Antibiotic resistance via the transport of antibiotics out of the cell.
|
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